Baalbek in Lebanon

A majestic staircase made of rosy marble leads up to the six remaining columns of the temple of Jupiter-Hadad, the Romanized Syrian weather god. The Roman emperor Caracalla (211-217 A.D. B.C.), whose mother came from Syria, showed him special reverence.

Freya Stark

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Palmyra

the palm city, "the bride of the desert", once cool and well watered and a peaceful oasis for the merchants tired by the march through the heat, is now merged with the desert. Over the centuries, the buildings were crushed and devoured by crystal-hard desert sand. On the horizon stands the Kal'at Ibn Ma'n, a festival that is said to have been built by the Emir of the Druz Fakhr-ed-Dîn (1594-1634). He was a friend of Christians, was allied with Venice and was a guest at the court of the Medici in Florence. Even during the First World War, the Kal'at Ibn Ma'n was once again conquered by an English unit.

Freya Stark

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Giza

Although deprived of almost all its disguise over time, the chief pyramid in Giza has not changed significantly since Herodotus described it two thousand years ago. She was already over two thousand years old. In the foreground you can see the once shiny polished blocks made of Aswan granite, with which the pyramid was wrapped. They reflected the rays of the sun

Jean Cocteau

Giza

Giza

In all centuries, people have found it difficult to imagine how much work, time and patience the construction of such a Pyramid required, the sole purpose of which was to protect a dried-up mummy. When Herodotus visited the site, he was surprised to learn that the equivalent of one and a half million dollars had been spent on radishes, onions and garlic alone, which were part of the food of the workers; that a hundred thousand men, who were replaced every three months by a fresh workforce, had been at work unexposed, and that the work had lasted more than thirty years.

Jean Cocteau

Giza

Memphis

"I built you a sublime house for millions of years ... I pulled a wall around it ... I dug a lake in front of it filled with heavenly water and transplanted it with trees and greenery as in the Nordland." - Ramses III, Papyrus Harris.

Alabaster sphinx and Holy Lake in Memphis, Lower Egypt.

Jean Cocteau

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The Ptolemaic temple near Edfu

... is the best preserved building of this kind, which is saved from Egyptian antiquity to our time. He was consecrated to Hathor by Denders and her husband Horus, the falcon-headed sun god, whose statue of mirror-smooth granite guards the pylons of the entrance here together with the silent dragoman.

Jean Cocteau

The Ptolemaic temple near Edfu

Leptis Magna

A fallen temple architrave in Leptis Magna proves in an unusual way the harmony between ancient ornamentation and natural form.

Bernard Berenson

Leptis Magna

Leptis Magna

The vivid faces of the Nereiden look sensually from the bold arcade, whose arches are carried by palm capitals. They once formed the jewellery of all four sides of the imperial forum in Leptis Magna. Due to the liveliness of their expression, they captivated the complainers. The forum is one of the most impressive Roman facilities we know. It measures 91 meters in length, 37 meters in width and was closed by a wall protruding behind the arcades of 15 meters in height.

Bernard Berenson

Leptis Magna

Gerona

The city of Gerona was once a much sought-after jewel, around which Charlemagne already waged war with the Moors and which was still hotly controversial in the Napoleonic wars.

Rose Macaulay

Gerona

Venice, Italy

The Grand Canal seen from the Casa d'Oro (1421-1436).

Peter Bamm

The Grand Canal

Santorini

"The early afternoon brought us into sight of the broken volcanic cone, which rises grotesquely from the turquoise blue sea and is called Santorini. A semicircle of blood-red rocks, over which streams of sulphurous yellow pour, rises steeply and unbroken up to a height of three hundred meters... Torn away, we saw the rose-colored city of Thera in sight from the deck, which is placed like a graceful crown on the highest rock... Below we found a huge cathedral, which, a native replica of Hagia Sophia, is wonderfully brightly located on a black lava beach."

The church of Larissa, Santorini.

Peter Bamm

Santorini

Venice

A mountain landscape of domes above the rooftops of Venice. The Cathedral of San Marco from the 11th century, seen from a bird's eye view. The bones of the Apostle Mark, which passed from Alexandria, rest in this church.

Peter Bamm

Venice

Istanbul

Numerous windows break through the blue enamel cladding of the Jeni-Walidé Mosque (17. Century) in Istanbul. The venerable Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem, on the other hand, has strictly structured walls. This church, built above the traditional birthplace of Christ*, is an example of a very early Christian architectural style. On a foundation of Emperor Constantine from the 4th In the 19th century AD, the church was rebuilt two centuries later by Emperor Justinian. Since then, it has not been significantly changed.

Freya Stark

* This is obviously incorrect - as Jesus was born in Bethlehem, Israel, not Constantinople (Istanbul).

Jeni-Walidé mosque by Freya Stark

Baalbek, Lebanon

Baalbek. The March snow on the slopes of Lebanon is a great backdrop for a spectacle of monstrous decay. Like minarets, the delicate poplars emphasize the force of the granite columns.

Freya Stark

Baalbek

Palmyra

Like quiet bell towers, the tomb towers of Palmyra watch over the rubble city and over the sea of sand, which extends to the Persian Gulf.

Freya Stark

Palmyra
Cradle of our Civilisation (Wiege Unsere Welt)

Wiege unserer Welt - Stätten alter Kulturen am Mittelmeer. Bilder die dem Leser das frühere Leben plastisch vor Augen führen und auch Ruinen wieder herrliche Bauten erstehen lassen.

Cradle of our World - sites of ancient cultures on the Mediterranean. Images that vividly show the reader what life was like in the past and also allow ruins to reappear as magnificent buildings.

Published 1 January 1958 - Peter Bamm